{"id":43357,"date":"2019-01-31T07:13:16","date_gmt":"2019-01-31T12:13:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/?p=43357"},"modified":"2019-01-31T07:13:22","modified_gmt":"2019-01-31T12:13:22","slug":"a-world-of-debt-where-are-the-risks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/?p=43357","title":{"rendered":"A World of Debt&#8211;Where Are the Risks?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cobdencentre.org\/2019\/01\/a-world-of-debt-where-are-the-risks\/\">A WORLD OF DEBT \u2013 WHERE ARE THE RISKS?<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Private debt has been the main source of rising debt to GDP ratios since 2008<\/li><li>Advanced economies have led the trend<\/li><li>Emerging market debt increases have been dominated by China<\/li><li>Credit spreads are a key indicator to watch in 2019<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since the financial crisis of 2008\/2009 global debt has increased to reach a new all-time high. This trend has been documented before in articles such as the 2014 paper from the&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cepr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/news\/Geneva16_0.pdf\">International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies \u2013 Deleveraging? What deleveraging?<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;The IMF have also been built a global picture of the combined impact of private and public debt. In a recent publication \u2013&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.imf.org\/2019\/01\/02\/new-data-on-global-debt\/?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=govdelivery\">New Data on Global Debt \u2013 IMF<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 the authors make some interesting observations: \u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>Global debt has reached an all-time high of $184 trillion in nominal terms, the equivalent of 225 percent of GDP in 2017. On average, the world\u2019s debt now exceeds $86,000 in per capita terms, which is more than 2\u00bd times the average income per-capita.<\/em><\/p><p><em>The most indebted economies in the world are also the richer ones. You can explore this more in the interactive chart below. The top three borrowers in the world\u2014the United States, China, and Japan\u2014account for more than half of global debt, exceeding their share of global output.<\/em><\/p><p><em>The private sector\u2019s debt has tripled since 1950. This makes it the driving force behind global debt. Another change since the global financial crisis has been the rise in private debt in emerging markets, led by China, overtaking advanced economies. At the other end of the spectrum, private debt has remained very low in low-income developing countries.<\/em><\/p><p><em>Global public debt, on the other hand, has experienced a reversal of sorts. After a steady decline up to the mid-1970s, public debt has gone up since, with advanced economies at the helm and, of late, followed by emerging and low-income developing countries.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\u2026click on the above link to read the rest of the article\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A WORLD OF DEBT \u2013 WHERE ARE THE RISKS? Private debt has been the main source of rising debt to GDP ratios since 2008 Advanced economies have led the trend Emerging market debt increases have been dominated by China Credit spreads are a key indicator to watch in 2019 Since the financial crisis of 2008\/2009 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[7380,14105,195,24241,312,434,12738],"class_list":["post-43357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economics","tag-cobden-centre","tag-colin-lloyd","tag-debt","tag-debt-to-gap-ratio","tag-financial-crisis","tag-international-monetary-fund","tag-private-debt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=43357"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43357\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43358,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43357\/revisions\/43358"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=43357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=43357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=43357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}