{"id":29945,"date":"2018-01-20T13:38:57","date_gmt":"2018-01-20T18:38:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/olduvai.ca\/?p=29945"},"modified":"2018-01-20T13:38:57","modified_gmt":"2018-01-20T18:38:57","slug":"fake-news-defining-and-defeating","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/?p=29945","title":{"rendered":"Fake News: Defining and Defeating"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n<h3 id=\"a907\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf--leading graf--title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/dfrlab\/fake-news-defining-and-defeating-43830a2ab0af\"><strong class=\"markup--strong markup--h3-strong\">Fake News: Defining and Defeating<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n<p id=\"0cfe\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle\"><strong>Real techniques for identifying fake news and disinformation<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--fullWidth\">\n<figure id=\"8f83\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf--layoutFillWidth graf-after--h4\" data-scroll=\"native\">\n<div class=\"aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked\">\n<div class=\"progressiveMedia js-progressiveMedia graf-image is-canvasLoaded is-imageLoaded\" data-image-id=\"1*AxsYg2o_g7JPSqlSfiR5aA.jpeg\" data-width=\"1920\" data-height=\"720\" data-scroll=\"native\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"progressiveMedia-image js-progressiveMedia-image\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-images-1.medium.com\/max\/2000\/1*AxsYg2o_g7JPSqlSfiR5aA.jpeg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/cdn-images-1.medium.com\/max\/2000\/1*AxsYg2o_g7JPSqlSfiR5aA.jpeg\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\">\n<p id=\"d65f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\">Following U.S. President Donald Trump\u2019s decision to present his media critics with so-called \u201c<a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politifact.com\/truth-o-meter\/article\/2018\/jan\/18\/fact-checking-donald-trumps-fake-news-awards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http:\/\/www.politifact.com\/truth-o-meter\/article\/2018\/jan\/18\/fact-checking-donald-trumps-fake-news-awards\/\">fake news awards<\/a>,\u201d it is more important than ever to define what \u201cfake news\u201d actually is, and what it is not.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6f9e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">President Trump\u2019s <a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/fact-checker\/wp\/2018\/01\/02\/president-trump-has-made-1949-false-or-misleading-claims-over-347-days\/?utm_term=.5cbb3409110f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/fact-checker\/wp\/2018\/01\/02\/president-trump-has-made-1949-false-or-misleading-claims-over-347-days\/?utm_term=.5cbb3409110f\">repeated<\/a> accusations of fake news are dangerous both for journalists around the world, and for the integrity of free and fair democratic discourse in America.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"f31e\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\">\n<div class=\"aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked\">\n<div class=\"progressiveMedia js-progressiveMedia graf-image is-canvasLoaded is-imageLoaded\" data-image-id=\"1*QTi-eRLaWRKeh9jJeUUUdg.png\" data-width=\"893\" data-height=\"510\" data-action=\"zoom\" data-action-value=\"1*QTi-eRLaWRKeh9jJeUUUdg.png\" data-scroll=\"native\"><canvas class=\"progressiveMedia-canvas js-progressiveMedia-canvas\" width=\"75\" height=\"42\"><\/canvas><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"progressiveMedia-image js-progressiveMedia-image\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-images-1.medium.com\/max\/800\/1*QTi-eRLaWRKeh9jJeUUUdg.png\" data-src=\"https:\/\/cdn-images-1.medium.com\/max\/800\/1*QTi-eRLaWRKeh9jJeUUUdg.png\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"imageCaption\">(<a class=\"markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/realDonaldTrump\/status\/832708293516632065\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/realDonaldTrump\/status\/832708293516632065\">Source<\/a>: @realdonaldtrump \/\u00a0Twitter)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p id=\"3bc4\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\"><a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/cpj.org\/blog\/2016\/05\/why-trumps-insults-of-journalists-must-be-taken-se.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/cpj.org\/blog\/2016\/05\/why-trumps-insults-of-journalists-must-be-taken-se.php\">Research<\/a> by the Committee to Protect Journalists <a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/cpj.org\/blog\/2018\/01\/press-oppressor-awards-trump-fake-news-fakies.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/cpj.org\/blog\/2018\/01\/press-oppressor-awards-trump-fake-news-fakies.php\">shows<\/a> that \u201cwhen public figures and political leaders lob insults at the media, they encourage self-censorship and expose journalists to unnecessary risk.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"fa56\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Internationally, in the <a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/rsf.org\/en\/news\/predators-press-freedom-use-fake-news-censorship-tool\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/rsf.org\/en\/news\/predators-press-freedom-use-fake-news-censorship-tool\">words<\/a> of another pressure group which defends journalists, Reporters Without Borders, \u201cPredators of press freedom have seized on the notion of \u2018fake news\u2019 to muzzle the media on the pretext of fighting false information.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"ee93\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">One of @DFRLab\u2019s core functions is to identify, expose, and explain deliberate falsehood online, including what is often termed \u201cfake news\u201d.<\/p>\n<p id=\"1ca2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">We publish our methods, to demonstrate how deliberate falsehood, and deliberate mislabelling by authoritarian regimes, can actually be exposed. With transparent methods, we do not assume the credibility of our reporting; we prove it.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"b9ff\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\"><strong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\">What is \u201cfake\u00a0news\u201d?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"6056\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">There is no universally-accepted definition of \u201cfake news.\u201d BBC Media Editor Amol Rajan has identified <a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/entertainment-arts-38636042\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/entertainment-arts-38636042\">three sorts<\/a> of fake news. According to Huffington Post blogger Dr. John Johnson, there are <a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/dr-john-johnson\/the-five-types-of-fake-ne_b_13609562.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/dr-john-johnson\/the-five-types-of-fake-ne_b_13609562.html\">five sorts<\/a>. A list by Dr. Claire Wardle, research director of not-for-profit group First Draft and now of the Harvard Shorenstein Center, features <a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/firstdraftnews.com\/fake-news-complicated\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/firstdraftnews.com\/fake-news-complicated\/\">seven sorts<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"64e2\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">As a working definition, @DFRLab considers that <strong class=\"markup--strong markup--p-strong\">fake news<\/strong> is \u201cdeliberately presenting false information as news.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&#8230;click on the above link to read the rest of the article&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fake News: Defining and Defeating Real techniques for identifying fake news and disinformation Following U.S. President Donald Trump\u2019s decision to present his media critics with so-called \u201cfake news awards,\u201d it is more important than ever to define what \u201cfake news\u201d actually is, and what it is not. President Trump\u2019s repeated accusations of fake news are [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[3717,7844,2779,18033,462,512,14273,570,655],"class_list":["post-29945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-liberty","tag-disinformation","tag-donald-trump","tag-fake-news","tag-fake-news-awards","tag-journalism","tag-media","tag-medium","tag-news","tag-propaganda"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29945"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29946,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29945\/revisions\/29946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olduvai.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}